• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Fish sluice (1) to overcome ••• •• ••• •• •••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ), both with shut-off organs (7, 8, 9, 10) to the upper water (3) and underwater (4) are executed. The closure members (7, 8, 9, 10) are controlled so that always one chamber to the upper water (3) and the other chamber to the underwater (4) is open. After expiration e1nes time interval or after organisms inventory in the chambers (5, 6), a new control of the closure organs (7, 8, 9, 10), so that the previously opened to the upper water chamber is now open to the underwater (4) and the second chamber to the upper water (3). To attract the organisms, a lock flow is provided which enters from the upper water (3), flows through a channel (11) and then exits into the underwater (4). In the channel (11) there is a device for energy conversion (12), which provides electrical energy or limits the flow.
    公开号:AT517218A4
    申请号:T659/2015
    申请日:2015-10-12
    公开日:2016-12-15
    发明作者:Bernhard Mayrhofer
    申请人:Bernhard Mayrhofer；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a fish lock for overcoming differences in level in rivers to allow an organ migration in both directions.
    State of the art:
    Flowing waters are not continuous for certain organisms due to cross structures. In order to restore the continuity and thus to enable an organism migration, different hydraulic engineering facilities are currently known. The most common method is the construction of fishways around the transverse structure, which hinders the patency. There are different types of fishways, such as slit passes, waterway bypasses or near-natural pool passes. They are open channels in which the slope of the river is increased by natural or artificial devices and at the same time a continuity is made possible. Fishways require large areas, high levels of doping, and are difficult or impossible to pass in either direction due to partial high flow velocities, energy dissipation, and levels for some aquatic organisms. Furthermore, an energetic use of the endowment is hardly possible and the establishment of the fishway is expensive at high heights. Fish lifts are another way to ensure continuity and are mainly used for large fall heights. Fish lifts are structures that transport the fish from the underwater to the upper water with a mechanical device and are realized in different versions. In some cases the lock current is used energetically in fish lifts. In these designs, a bypass is usually required. Fish lifts are complex in construction and at times not accessible to organisms, because, for example, during the high transport of organisms, the closing organ is closed to the underwater. Fish locks, another possibility for the production of the Durchgängigkeit, are similarly structured as ship locks. They consist of a chamber with a closable opening to the upper water and one to the underwater. The two closing organs of the chamber are opened alternately so that fish can swim in and out. By additional small openings on the closed side or other devices a lock flow is realized. The water level in the chamber varies, depending on whether the closure is open to the upper water or underwater. The fish lock is therefore only temporarily accessible to fish. Partly, the lock flow is used energetically in fish locks with the help of additional devices. In addition to the open fish lock with fluctuating water level, there are also underwater fish locks, which are constantly filled and the pressure in the chamber changes. These include the fish passage described in patent DE 102012020781 B3. This consists of a pressure chamber and several closable channels that connect a FurTsine to the chamber, the upper water and the underwater. This design allows energetic utilization of the lock flow and works on a similar principle as the fish lock described in this patent. However, there are serious differences in the technical design and operation. The fish lock described in this patent has two chambers and a channel connecting the two chambers, as well as no channels connecting a turbine directly to the headwater or underwater. Furthermore, there is no operating state in which the passage outflow from the upper water without entry into the chambers via the turbine to the underwater is passed. Moreover, the fish passage described in patent DE 102012020781 B3 is only accessible to organisms from the underwater or the upper water for half the time. The fish lock described in this patent, however, is due to the two chambers constantly bilaterally accessible to organisms, except for the short switching phase.
    Technical task:
    The invention is therefore based on the technical object to produce the continuity of a watercourse and thus to allow an organism migration in both directions, which is inexpensive, has a small footprint, is easy to integrate, excludes no aquatic organisms from migration, over long periods of time
    Organisms accessible * uncf a * effSFetische use allows. Furthermore, the invention should allow, if necessary, a flushing of the transverse structure and the associated sediment transport, serve as a relief structure or can be used as a concept for a hydroelectric power plant with integrated Organmenwanderhilfe.
    This is inventively achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are proposed according to the subclaims.
    Solution according to the invention:
    The fish lock described in the claims consists of two or more chambers, which may be made of different materials and products, may have different sizes, shapes or inclinations and integrated into the transverse structure or arranged free-standing, as described in claim 5. Both chambers each have a closure member to the upper water and a closure member to the underwater. The use of closure organs of different designs such as shooters or flaps is possible. In part, the closure organs can be realized without control. For example, check valves with opening springs can be used as closing organs for the upper water. The spring should open the flap when the underwater side
    Vpr < Rh 1 ii.P < Nrn3n Hpr K ^ mm ^ r np.Qrhl ηςςρη i ςΐ-. If this closing element is opened, the water should close the flap. The control or operation of the closure organs takes place alternately, so that always one chamber is open to the upper water and the other chamber to the underwater. Only when switching it may be for a short period of time that both underwater-side shutters are closed. The alternating activation or the operation of the closure organs can take place after time or according to the organisms in the chambers, as described in claim 4. In the second variant, one or more sensors for determining the organisms inventory in the chambers are necessary. To guide the fish through the fish lock, a lock stream is provided. This can enter through the open towards the upper water closure member into the first chamber. Subsequently, the lock flow can flow through a channel connecting both chambers, and emerge from the second chamber into the underwater.
    The channel is equipped with a device for energy conversion such as a turbine, whereby the lock flow can be used to provide electrical energy. The channel may be integrated in the fish lock as shown in the figures or, for example, as a pipeline outside the fish lock. For small head heights or if there is no need for an electrical energy supply, instead of the turbine is a device for flow limitation, so ····· · ft · a throttle device, * 'vörg'eseheh *! "Both variants allow the lock flow and provide for the limitation of the flow, so that adequate
    Flow rates are present in the fish lock. The device for energy conversion can be carried out so that a regulation of the Lockströmungs-amount of water is possible and thus it can be adapted to the existing runoff of the running water or to the migration times of the organisms. In order to further support the migration of organisms, climbing aids, such as a rough sole, natural or artificial light sources and other provisions may be provided, as described in claim 2. To protect the organisms from entering the turbine or throttle device, a device such as a net or fine screen may be installed as described in claim 3. With one or more additional closure devices, chambers or channels, as proposed in claim 7, a more uniform flow through the device for energy conversion can be achieved, or the lock flow can be achieved over large areas of the chambers. Thus, it is possible to realize a continuous supply of energy or a uniform outflow and to increase the effectiveness of the fish lock. For example, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, by an additional sealable channel, the lock flow to the power conversion apparatus in the switching phase in which both underwater side shutters are closed can be led into the underwater * 1 and a constant operation can be enabled. Otherwise, the additional channel is closed. Another way to evenly feed energy into the grid is to use an electrical or mechanical energy store that is discharged during the switching phase. A very simple variant of the fish lock can be performed with only one chamber and the lock flow is made possible for example by small openings in or adjacent to the closure organs. These openings can be equipped with turbines. Other variants of the fish lock can be designed with one or more pumps. The pumps are used to create the lock flow, for example, they suck in water from the underwater for the organisms rise and pump into the chamber open to the underwater, from which the water emerges as a lock current. As a result, no outflow from the upper water to the underwater is required.
    The fish lock described is particularly suitable for overcoming average drop heights of about 2m to 10 m, because at low fall heights fish paths due to lower costs in the advantage and excessive fall heights could harm the organisms due to the high pressure fluctuation in the chambers. For fall heights below 10 m, there is hardly any danger, as several scientific studies on the subject show. In order to prevent a rapid change of pressure in the chambers, the shut-off devices are opened or opened in accordance with a correspondingly slow flow, or further precautions such as bypasses or pressure-equalizing chambers are provided Fish sluice or a combination with other fish migration aids can be used to increase the effectiveness by connecting multiple fish locks in parallel, opening the fish sluice directly to the water, through open or closed channels and through fishways that already overcome part of the difference in level The fish lock can be operated as a hydropower plant, in which the energy supply is in the foreground, and is well suited to the residual water use with integrated organisms migratory aid skontinuierlichen sediment transport, such as for stowage of the transverse structure, the fish lock can be used as described in claim 8. For this purpose, the closure organs of one or both chambers are partially or completely opened. In this operating state, an organism rise is not or only partially possible. The plant can be designed in such a way that prefabrication is possible in the factory, ready to be transported as a compact plant to the river and built there. A complete erection on site or the assembly of several prefabricated components are also possible. • · «« «· * w
    Timing of a sinking cycle:
    During commissioning, the entire fish lock is filled with water and then opened a chamber to the upper water and the other chamber to the underwater. The position of the closure organs thus corresponds to the state which is present in the first phase.
    Phase 1: In the first phase, the organisms from the upper and lower water can enter the open chambers. They are guided by the lock flow.
    Switching phase: In this phase, the state of the closing organs is changed. For this purpose, first closes the open to the underwater closure organ, the closing organs to the upper water change their position and finally opens the closure member to the underwater, previously opened to the upper water chamber. The changes in position of the closure organs can also be partially carried out at the same time to ensure a uniform outflow. They are controlled so that there is a slow pressure change in the chambers and no organisms are damaged. If additional flaps are provided, these also change their position.
    Phase 2: After the occluders have taken up their new position, it is possible that the organisms may exit the chambers and enter other organisms to migrate upstream or downstream. The organisms * are also guided by the lock flow.
    After phase 2, the switchover phase follows again and the lock process begins with the first phase from the beginning, whereby the organisms already in the chamber can now escape from them and other organisms can enter.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to two embodiments according to the drawings, wherein
    1 is a side view of an embodiment of the fish lock according to the invention,
    Fig. 2 is a section along the line A-A in Fig. 1 a simple embodiment of the fish lock according to the invention and
    Fig. 3 shows a section along the line A-A in Fig. 1 show a further embodiment with additional flaps of the fish lock according to the invention.
    In the fish lock 1 shown in Fig. 1 is a reaching through the transverse structure 2 system, which is partially executed with a slope and is connected directly to the upper water 3 and 4 underwater. ····· · · ·
    In the associated Schni ¬ Tanzansich Ä Ä *, * which Fig. 2 shows, the cut fish lock 1 according to the invention with the transverse structure 2 can be seen.
    Furthermore, the two chambers 5 and 6 are shown, the closure members 7 and 8 to the upper water 3 and the closure members 9 and 10 to the underwater 4, and the channel 11 which connects the two chambers 5 and 6 and is equipped with a device for energy conversion 12. Fine screens 13 are provided at the two channel entrances to prevent entry of organisms. The figure shows the fish lock 1 in an operating state in which the organisms can enter and exit and, if a turbine is present, energy is provided. In this case, the closure member 8 and 9 is opened. After the switching phase described above, the two closure members 7 and 10 are opened and the closure members 8 and 9 closed.
    In the second sectional view A-A, which shows Fig. 3, a further embodiment of the fish lock 1 according to the invention with the additional flaps 14, 15 and 16 is shown. Also, the closure members to the upper and lower water 7, 8, 9 and 10, the two chambers 5 and 6, the fine rake 13 and the channel 11 with the device for energy conversion 12 can be seen. The three additional flaps 14, 15 and 16 are opened or closed depending on the positions of the closure members 7, 8, 9 and 10. In the case shown in the figure, Kpmmpr fi is with ····· · · ·
    Closure member 8 to Oberwas'ser out * geof fnet and chamber 5 with the closure member 9 to the underwater. The flap 14 opens due to the pressure conditions in the chambers 5 and 6 the way to the upper water towards open chamber 6 and directs the lock flow in the channel 11. The two flaps 15 and 16 are also made with the help of the pressure conditions and open the way to open to the underwater chamber 5, whereby the lock flow from the channel 11 further flows into the second chamber 5 and can escape from there into the underwater 4. After the switchover phase, all the closure members and flaps change position and the lock flow enters chamber 5 and from chamber 6. With the help of the additional flaps 14, 15 and 16 is achieved in this embodiment that the device for energy conversion 12 is always flowed through in the same direction and more uniform and the lock flow over larger areas in the chambers 5 and 6 occurs. Through additional channels and shutters, a continuous flow could be made possible.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    _ i m ♦ ·· ··· · _ · ttttt «Claims
    1. fish lock for overcoming differences in level in running waters, to allow an organ migration in both directions, characterized in that the fish lock (1) consists of two chambers (5, 6), both at least one opening with a closure member (7, 8 ) to the upper water (3) and at least one located below the water level opening with a closure member (9, 10) to the underwater (4) and a channel (11) connecting the two chambers (5, 6) and with a device for Energy conversion (12) is equipped, in which the closure members (7, 8, 9, 10) are operated alternately, so always one chamber only to the upper water (3) and the other chamber only to the underwater (4) out and opened for aquatic Organisms is accessible, water can enter as lock flow in the upper water (3) open chamber through the channel (11) with the device for energy conversion (12) in the underwater (4) geöff Nete chamber can flow and from there into the underwater (4) can escape.
    [2]
    2. fish lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the organisms migration is supported by a climbing aid, by natural or artificial light, by currents or other measures.
    [3]
    3. fish lock according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a device (13) protects the organisms from entering the clie'Vorrichtung for energy conversion (12).
    [4]
    4. fish lock according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the alternating operation of the closure members (7, 8, 9, 10) of the chambers (5, 6) by time or by organisms in the inventory in the chambers (5, 6).
    [5]
    5. fish lock according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in / that the chambers (5, 6) and the channel (11) are made of different materials or products, the chambers (5, 6) and the channel (11) different sizes, Have shapes and inclinations and are integrated in the transverse structure (2) or arranged free-standing.
    [6]
    6. fish lock according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the openings of the chambers (5, 6) are connected directly to the river, via an open or closed channel or by means of a fish migration aid according to the prior art, with the already a part of Level difference is overcome.
    [7]
    7. fish lock according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that by one or more additional closure members (14, 15, 16), chambers or channels a more even or continuous flow through the device for energy conversion (12) is achieved or a lock flow over large areas the chambers (3, 4) is achieved.
    [8]
    8. fish lock according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the fish lock (1) is used as a hydropower plant for energy supply, as a relief structure or for sediment transport.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    AT413425B|2006-02-15|DEVICE FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    EP2788550B1|2017-09-13|Energy generating unit
    DE102010018892B3|2011-09-22|Weir with turbine
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    DE483766C|1929-10-07|Tidal power plant
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    DE10348533A1|2005-05-19|Small hydro power plant
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    DE211096C|
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    AT515291B1|2015-08-15|lifter
    DE102012020781B3|2014-04-10|Fish passage and method for operating a fish passage, water power plant having such a fish passage, and a kit with such a fish passage for retrofitting a shut-off structure in a running water
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    DE718500C|1942-03-18|Movable weir with a device for generating electrical energy
    DE131713C|
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    CH101241A|1923-09-17|Device for utilizing the energy of flowing fluids.
    AT514687A4|2015-03-15|Sohlanbindung and Lockströmung fish fish snails
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2746114T3|2020-03-04|
    AT517218B1|2016-12-15|
    EP3156546A1|2017-04-19|
    EP3156546B1|2019-06-26|
    SI3156546T1|2019-10-30|
    PT3156546T|2019-10-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10336446B3|2003-08-06|2005-04-28|Ingbuero Alwin Eppler Gmbh & C|Use of illumination device for flow channel beneath dam or high water barrier with light from external projector supplied to interior of flow channel via light conductor|
    DE202014007208U1|2014-09-10|2014-12-19|Valentin Schnitzer|Fish pass for fish ascent and fish descent|EP3239404A1|2016-04-29|2017-11-01|Kalasydän Oy|Migratory fish passage arrangement|
    DE102018121763A1|2018-09-06|2020-03-12|Ingenieurgesellschaft Heidt & Peters mit beschränkter Haftung|Fish lock to overcome level differences|
    法律状态:
    2019-02-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: FISHCON GMBH, AT Effective date: 20190104 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA659/2015A|AT517218B1|2015-10-12|2015-10-12|fish lock|ATA659/2015A| AT517218B1|2015-10-12|2015-10-12|fish lock|
    EP16002096.2A| EP3156546B1|2015-10-12|2016-09-28|Fish lock|
    ES16002096T| ES2746114T3|2015-10-12|2016-09-28|Fish lock|
    PT160020962T| PT3156546T|2015-10-12|2016-09-28|Fish lock|
    SI201630389T| SI3156546T1|2015-10-12|2016-09-28|Fish lock|
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